Khatat/Khoosnavees

 Major complementary development was that of book binding (jildsazi) especially the use of leather book covers. The menuscripts used to be stuck to the leather cover by means of glue. Three different types of glue were used for this purpose (duer , maya & kharish).Duer being essentially a mixture of animal fat ( sareesh) and copper sulphate. Maya comprised a mixture of wheat flour and water while kharish is a composition of over cooked rice and startch.